Chinese Idiom: 明目张胆 (Ming Mu Zhang Dan)
English Translation: Openly and boldly
pīn yīn: míng mù zhāng dǎn
Idiom Meaning: This idiom describes an attitude of acting without any scruples or shame, doing bad deeds openly and audaciously.
Historical Source: New Book of Tang (《新唐书》) – Biography of Wei Siqian (韦思谦传).
Idiom Story:
The idiom “明目张胆” originates from the life of Wei Siqian, an inspector during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty. Wei was known for his integrity and fearlessness, boldly exposing corrupt officials and illegal activities.
One notable incident involved the chancellor, Chu Suiliang, who was found to have forcefully purchased land at a low price from its rightful owners. Wei Siqian submitted a memorial to the emperor, denouncing Chu’s actions. As a result, Chu Suiliang was demoted to the position of governor of Tongzhou.
However, not long after, Chu Suiliang regained favor with Emperor Gaozong and was reinstated in a higher position, while Wei Siqian faced repercussions for his honesty and was demoted to the position of county magistrate in Gansu’s Qingshui.
Frustrated by this injustice, Wei Siqian expressed his feelings in a letter of response to those who attempted to comfort him. He declared:
“丈夫当敢言也,要明目张胆以报天子,焉能录录保妻子耶?”
(A man should dare to speak boldly to serve the emperor; how can one live a mediocre life just to protect one’s family?)
This statement highlighted Wei Siqian’s belief that a true gentleman must act with integrity and courage, openly addressing wrongdoings for the greater good rather than living a life solely for personal security.
As a result of this story, the phrase “明目张胆” emerged, symbolizing a bold and open approach to actions, particularly when it comes to misconduct. It conveys the idea of acting without fear of repercussions, even when engaging in questionable or corrupt behavior.